Obtaining residency in Spain
There are two defining factors that will condition the requirements you will have to fulfil:
1. Country of origin (whether from the EU or not)
2. Amount of time willing to be spent in the country
1
If you are an EU citizen and want to spend more than three months in Spain, you have to obtain what is called the “Registry certificate of the European Union”
In order to obtain this permit you will have to show either a job that supplies you with income in Spain or a certificate from the bank, showing that you are economically self-sufficient. If you’re not working, you must have a private medical insurance.
2
If you are a non-EU citizen, there are quite a number of options to make the application for residency in Spain.
- Student visa
- Business visa
- Non – lucrative residency visa
- Work permit as an employee of a Spanish company
- Golden visa
- Family member of an EU citizen visa
- Family regrouping visa
- Social roots visa
- Asylum visa
- EU blue card
- Research residency card
- Digital nomad and remote worker visa
3
An extended explanation follows.
Spanish Residency: Your Guide to Living in Spain Legally
Living in Spain is a dream for many, but it’s important to have the right documentation. Spanish residency permits allow people to live and work in Spain legally. EU citizens have a simple process to obtain a permanent residency permit. Meanwhile, non-EU citizens have multiple options, such as student visas, work permits, and family regrouping visas. There are different requirements and validity periods for each permit, and applying for a residency permit can be a complex process. Seeking legal advice is recommended to ensure that you have the right documentation to live and work in Spain. info@igleas.com or WP 34 656980000
Overview of Spanish Residency
Spain is a popular destination for foreigners who want to live and work legally in Europe. However, obtaining a Spanish residency permit can be a complicated process, with different requirements depending on whether the applicant is an EU citizen or a non-EU citizen. To live in Spain legally, one must obtain the appropriate residency permit.
Types of Residence Permits in Spain
There are different types of residency permits in Spain, and the process of obtaining one varies depending on your situation. For EU citizens, the process is straightforward, as they can obtain a permanent residency permit that does not expire. Non-EU citizens, on the other hand, have a range of options, including student visas, work permits, and family regrouping visas. There are also specific permits, such as the Arraigo permit for non-EU citizens who have been living in Spain for a certain period of time without authorization, and the Highly Qualified Professional permit for non-EU citizens with a highly specialized skill set and offered a job in Spain.
Requirements for Obtaining Spanish Residency
The qualifications for Spanish residency depend on your nationality and the type of residency permit you are applying for. EU citizens typically need to demonstrate possession of €6,000 in a bank account and private medical insurance. Non-EU citizens have to go through a more complicated process and have many options available, as previously mentioned. Each type of permit has different requirements and validity periods, so it’s essential to carefully review each one before applying.
Applying for a Residence Permit in Spain
The application process for obtaining a residence permit in Spain can be lengthy and require varying documentation depending on the type of permit. For instance, the Entrepreneur visa requires evidence of interest in starting or investing in a new business in Spain, while the Student visa requires evidence of the duration of your studies. Seeking legal or expert advice is recommended to ensure that you submit the proper documentation and complete the process correctly.
Health Insurance and Your Residence Permit
Having the right type of health insurance is crucial when living in Spain, as it’s a requirement for certain residency permits. The Spanish healthcare system operates both publicly and privately, and it’s essential to understand the coverage provided by both and the associated costs. Private health insurance is also available and can provide additional coverage options.
Renewing Your Residence Permit
Most Spanish residency permits are temporary and will need to be renewed after a specific period, depending on the type of permit you have. Renewing may require a different set of qualifications and documentation, and may not be automatic, so it’s important to review the renewal process ahead of time to ensure you stay in compliance with Spanish law.
Types of Residence Permits in Spain
Spain offers a varied selection of residence permits for both EU and non-EU citizens. In this section, we will explore in detail the types of residence permits available for these two groups. Note that the process for EU citizens is generally simpler and more straightforward than for non-EU citizens, who have a range of options available to them, depending on their particular circumstances.
EU Citizens
EU citizens residing in Spain are entitled to live and work with the same rights as Spanish citizens. As such, they are not obliged to apply for a residence permit but can do so if they wish to do so. EU citizens need to apply for their certificate of registration, known as the «Certificado de Registro de Ciudadano de la Unión», if they intend to continue residing in Spain for more than three months. This involves providing documentation to demonstrate their status as a European Union citizen.
Permanent Residency Permit for EU Citizens
After legally residing in Spain for five continuous years, EU citizens can obtain a permanent residency permit that does not expire. To obtain this permit, they must provide evidence of their continued residence in Spain and possession of at least 6,000€ in a bank account, along with private medical insurance.
NON EU Citizens
Non-EU citizens have a diverse range of options available to them, depending on their situation and intentions in Spain. The most common types of residence permits are student visas, work permits, and non-lucrative residency visas.
Student Visas
This permit is designed for non-EU residents who wish to pursue their studies or other educational programs in Spain. The visa is usually valid only for the duration of the studies and requires the applicant to demonstrate financial support for the duration of the stay.
Business Visas
Non-EU citizens who wish to start or invest in a business in Spain can apply for a business visa. This permit provides the holder with residence and work permission and can be valid for up to one year. It also demands that the applicant must demonstrate that they have sufficient funds to create or invest in a sustainable business in Spain.
Non-Lucrative Residency Visas
Non-lucrative residency visas are designed for non-EU residents who do not intend to work in Spain. The visa is designed for those who wish to retire, live off passive income, or pursue other non-profit-making interests. The permit is initially valid for one year but can be extended annually.
Work Permits
Work permits allow non-EU citizens to reside and work legally in Spain. The permit is usually issued for the duration of the job contract but can also be extended. The employer must apply for this permit on behalf of the employee.
Golden Visas
The Golden Visa program is aimed at attracting foreign investors to Spain. This type of visa is a special residency program for non-EU citizens who invest in real estate, stocks, or funds in Spain with the objective of reactivating the economy. The minimum investment required to obtain this visa is 500,000€.
Family Regrouping Visas
Non-EU citizens who have a spouse, children, or other family members who are Spanish citizens or residents can apply for a family regrouping visa. This permit allows the applicant to reunite with their family members in Spain and work or study if they wish to do so.
The Arraigo Procedure
The Arraigo Procedure is aimed at providing regularization to non-EU citizens who have been living in Spain without legal documentation for a period of time. The applicant must provide documented evidence of their residence in Spain for the designated amount of time and demonstrate their integration into Spanish society.
Asylum and the Red Card
Asylum and the Red Card procedures are aimed at non-EU citizens who are fleeing persecution or conflict in their home country. Asylum allows them to remain in Spain while their application is processed, while the Red Card provides temporary authorization to reside and work legally in Spain while waiting for the decision on their asylum claim.
EU Blue Cards
EU Blue Cards are residence permits for highly skilled professionals from outside of the EU offered a job in Spain. This permit is valid for a maximum of four years, after which the holder can apply for permanent residency.
Research Residency
Research Residencies are designed for non-EU citizens who wish to undertake research work in Spain and is valid for up to two years. This permit requires the applicant to have a corresponding research contract from a Spanish research center or academic institution.
Visas for Digital Nomads and Remote Workers
Visas for Digital Nomads and Remote Workers are a new type of permit aimed at attracting professionals who can work remotely from their work country. This permit is valid for up to one year and requires the applicant to have a remote job or be self-employed.
These are some of the most common types of residence permits available for EU and non-EU citizens. Each permit has different requirements, validity periods, and documentation needs, so it’s essential to research carefully, select the right permit for your needs, and seek legal advice if necessary.
Requirements for Obtaining Spanish Residency
To live and work in Spain legally, it is essential to obtain the necessary residency permits. The requirements for obtaining Spanish residency permits vary depending on whether you are an EU citizen or a non-EU citizen.
For EU Citizens
For EU citizens, obtaining a permanent residency permit in Spain is a relatively straightforward process. To qualify for a permanent residency permit, EU citizens must demonstrate possession of 6,000€ in a bank account and private medical insurance. This type of residency permit does not have an expiration date and allows EU citizens to live and work in Spain indefinitely.
For Non-EU Citizens
Non-EU citizens have a more complicated path to obtaining residency permits in Spain. There are various permits available, including student visas, business visas, work permits, and family regrouping visas, among others. To be eligible for these permits, non-EU citizens must meet specific requirements.
To apply for a student visa, non-EU citizens must have been accepted to study at a Spanish educational institution, have sufficient financial resources, and obtain medical insurance.
A business visa is intended for non-EU citizens interested in starting a new business or investing in an existing one in Spain. This visa requires proof of investment, a business plan, and medical insurance.
A non-lucrative residency visa is for non-EU citizens who do not plan to work in Spain but have sufficient income to support themselves. This type of visa requires proof of financial resources, medical insurance, and a clean criminal record.
Work permits are intended for non-EU citizens who have been offered a job in Spain. To apply for a work permit, the employer must first obtain authorization from the Spanish authorities. The employee must then provide proof of employment, medical insurance, and a clean criminal record.
Golden visas are for non-EU citizens who invest a minimum of 500,000€ in a Spanish property. This type of visa provides residency for two years and can be renewed.
Family regrouping visas allow non-EU citizens to join family members who are legally resident in Spain. To apply for a family regrouping visa, the family member in Spain must prove legal residency, and the applicant must provide proof of the relationship and medical insurance.
The arraigo procedure is for non-EU citizens who have been living in Spain for a certain period of time without authorization. To qualify for this type of residency permit, the non-EU citizen must have lived in Spain for at least three years, have no criminal record, and demonstrate integration into Spanish society.
Asylum and the red card are available to non-EU citizens who are seeking protection from persecution in their home country. They must follow a specific application process, and their cases are evaluated individually.
The EU Blue Card is intended for non-EU citizens with a highly specialized skillset who are offered a job in Spain. This permit requires a job offer that guarantees an income of at least 1.5 times the average salary in Spain, as well as medical insurance and a clean criminal record.
Research residency is for non-EU citizens who wish to conduct research in Spain. This permit requires acceptance to a Spanish research institution, medical insurance, and proof of financial resources.
Finally, visas for digital nomads and remote workers are a new option in Spain. These visas provide a legal framework for non-EU citizens who work remotely and do not have an employer in Spain. To apply for this type of permit, the applicant must have a minimum income and medical insurance.
Each type of residency permit has specific requirements, and it is essential to meet them to obtain legal residency in Spain. Seeking legal advice is recommended to ensure that the necessary documentation is in place.
- Documentation Required
Regardless of the type of residency permit being applied for, there is certain documentation that must be provided. This includes a valid passport, a clean criminal record, and proof of medical insurance. Additional documentation may be required depending on the type of permit being applied for. A list of required documentation can be obtained from the Spanish authorities or from legal experts.
- The Application Process
The application process for obtaining Spanish residency permits can be complex. The process varies depending on the type of permit being applied for. It generally involves applying in person at a Spanish consulate or embassy, paying a fee, and submitting the required documentation. It is essential to follow the application process carefully and provide all the necessary documentation to avoid delays or rejection of the application. The exact process and requirements can be obtained from the Spanish authorities or from legal experts.
Overall, obtaining legal residency in Spain can be a complex process and requires meeting specific requirements and providing the necessary documentation. Taking the time to choose the right type of residency permit and seeking legal advice can help ensure that the process goes smoothly and that you can live and work in Spain legally.
Applying for a Residence Permit in Spain
Applying for a residence permit in Spain can be a complex process, with different requirements and documentation depending on your situation and the type of permit you are applying for. Here is an overview of what you can expect when applying for a Spanish residence permit.
Eligibility Criteria
The eligibility criteria for a Spanish residence permit vary depending on the type of permit and your individual circumstances. You may need to demonstrate that you have a certain level of income, possess specific qualifications or skills, or have a job offer in Spain. For some permits, you may also need to show that you have suitable accommodation in place.
Documentation Required
Documentation requirements for a Spanish residence permit vary depending on your situation and the type of permit you are applying for. Some common documents you may need to provide include a valid passport, proof of income, a medical certificate, and a criminal record check. You should check with the relevant authorities or your legal advisor to confirm what documentation is required for your situation.
The Application Process
The application process for a Spanish residence permit typically involves completing an application form and providing supporting documentation. In some cases, you may be required to attend an interview or provide additional information. You should submit your application to the relevant authorities in Spain, such as the Foreigners’ Office or the Spanish consulate in your home country.
The Spanish Residency Card
Once your application has been approved, you will receive a Spanish residency card, also known as a TIE or Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero. This card serves as proof of your legal status in Spain and allows you to live and work in the country. It is important to note that residence permits have different validity and renewal periods depending on the type of permit. In conclusion, obtaining a residence permit in Spain can be a challenging process, with different requirements and documentation depending on your individual circumstances. It is important to seek legal advice and carefully review the eligibility criteria and documentation requirements. The application process can be time consuming, so it is important to allow plenty of time for the process to be completed. Finally, once you have obtained a residence permit, it is important to ensure that you renew it when necessary to avoid any issues with your legal status in Spain.
Health Insurance and Your Residence Permit
When obtaining Spanish residency, it’s essential to have adequate health insurance coverage, which can be provided by either the Spanish healthcare system or private health insurance.
The Spanish Healthcare System
Spain has a public healthcare system that provides free or low-cost healthcare to residents who contribute to the Social Security system. This includes EU citizens who are living and working in Spain and are registered with Social Security, as well as non-EU citizens who have obtained legal residency and qualify for public healthcare coverage.
While the public healthcare system in Spain is generally of high quality, there may be long wait times for non-emergency procedures, so some residents may prefer to seek private healthcare instead.
Private Health Insurance
Private health insurance can be a good option for residents who do not qualify for public healthcare coverage or who prefer private healthcare services. Private health insurance plans may cover a range of medical services, including doctor visits, hospital stays, and emergency care, depending on the type of policy selected.
When applying for Spanish residency, it’s important to have health insurance coverage in place, either through the public healthcare system or private health insurance, as it’s a requirement for obtaining a residency permit.
- Make sure to research and compare different health insurance options to find the right plan for your needs
- Check the coverage and exclusions of the policy you choose to ensure that it meets residency permit requirements
- Keep in mind that the cost of private health insurance may vary depending on age, health status, and policy coverage
It’s important to have adequate health insurance coverage to ensure that you can access necessary medical treatment and comply with residency requirements in Spain.
Obtaining Spanish Nationality
Obtaining Spanish nationality can be achieved by residency, investment, or for highly qualified professionals and entrepreneurs. Each of these routes has specific requirements, terms, and conditions.
Through Residency
Individuals who have legally resided in Spain for a certain period of time can apply for Spanish nationality. The length of residency required varies depending on the applicant’s nationality, their relation with Spain, or even their level of Spanish language proficiency.
EU citizens are eligible to apply for Spanish nationality after legally residing in Spain for one year. Meanwhile, non-EU citizens must have legally resided in Spain for ten years before they can apply for citizenship.
During this time, it’s essential to follow the rules and regulations of Spanish residency permits to avoid jeopardizing your Spanish nationality application. Also, nationalities that enjoy a bilateral agreement with Spain may benefit from more lenient requirements.
Through Investment
Another option for obtaining Spanish nationality is through financial investment in Spain. This may be done either by investing in government bonds or through investment in a Spanish company or property, among other options. There are minimum investment thresholds, and applicants are required to prove the legitimacy of their investments before being eligible to apply for citizenship.
For Highly Qualified Professionals and Entrepreneurs
Spain offers a particular pathway for highly skilled professionals and entrepreneurs to obtain Spanish nationality. This route involves obtaining a work permit for a specific industry, such as research and science, software development, or management positions. Once this work permit is obtained, it is possible to apply for Spanish nationality after just two years of lawful and continuous residence in Spain.
Applicants for Spanish nationality through this route must demonstrate a high level of capability or entrepreneurial potential in their field. They must have the financial resources to live in Spain without government assistance, exhibit a solid knowledge of the Spanish language, and present evidence of contributing positively to Spain’s economic and social development.
Overall, obtaining Spanish nationality can open up many opportunities, such as access to social benefits, visa-free travel to many countries, and greater economic stability. However, the application process can be lengthy and complex, so it is always best to seek expert legal advice when pursuing Spanish nationality.
The Impact of Brexit on UK Citizens Residing in Spain
The United Kingdom’s decision to leave the European Union has had a significant impact on UK citizens who reside in Spain. Here are some key points to consider:
Applying for a TIE
UK nationals who were legally living in Spain before January 1, 2021, have the right to apply for a Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero (TIE) if they plan to continue living in Spain for more than three months. The TIE is a biometric card that confirms the person’s legal residence in Spain under the terms of the Withdrawal Agreement between the UK and EU.
The Withdrawal Agreement
The Withdrawal Agreement includes provisions to protect the rights of UK citizens living in Spain. UK nationals who were previously residents of Spain can remain as residents of the country under the terms of the agreement.
Your Rights as a UK Citizen
UK citizens living in Spain have the same rights as other EU citizens, such as access to education, healthcare, and employment. UK citizens living in Spain can continue to vote in local elections as long as they are registered.
It’s important to note that the process for obtaining a TIE can be complex, and UK nationals should seek legal advice to ensure that they have the necessary documentation to apply for this card. The impact of Brexit on UK citizens residing in Spain is an ongoing concern, and it’s important for those affected to stay informed and up-to-date on any changes to the residency requirements.
Renewing Your Residence Permit
If you’re planning on staying in Spain long-term, it’s important to know how to renew your residence permit. The process for renewing your permit will depend on the type of permit you have and your individual circumstances.
The Renewal Process
To renew your residence permit, you will need to start the process at least 60 days before your current permit expires. The renewal process can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months, so it’s important to plan accordingly and apply early to avoid any issues.
The following steps will give you an idea of what to expect when renewing your residence permit:
- Start the renewal process at least 60 days before your current permit expires.
- Gather all necessary documents for your specific permit type.
- Schedule an appointment at the immigration office.
- Attend your appointment and submit your application.
- Pay the renewal fee.
- Wait for your new residence permit to be issued.
It’s important to keep in mind that the renewal process and requirements can vary depending on your specific situation, so it’s always best to seek legal advice if you have any questions or concerns.
Requirements for Renewing Your Residence Permit
The requirements for renewing your residence permit will depend on your individual circumstances and the type of permit you have. Generally, you will need to meet the following requirements:
- Have a valid reason for staying in Spain, such as work or family reasons.
- Be up-to-date with all of your tax and social security payments.
- Have a valid passport and any other required documentation.
- Have an address in Spain where you can receive your new residence permit.
- Meet any additional requirements specific to your permit type, such as demonstrating financial stability or maintaining a certain level of insurance coverage.
Keep in mind that some permit types may also require additional documentation or processing time, so it’s important to plan accordingly and start the renewal process as early as possible.
Renewing your residence permit is an important step to ensuring that you can continue living and working legally in Spain. By staying up-to-date with the renewal process and meeting all requirements, you can enjoy the many benefits that come with being a legal resident of this beautiful country.
Seeking legal advice is recommended to ensure that you have the right documentation to live and work in Spain.
info@igleas.com or Whatsapp 34 656980000
As the requirements of each of the different options for a non-EU citizen to get residency in Spain can be a bit complicated we can offer you our assistance to guide you through the best options to get it at:
info@igleas.com
Whatsapp 34 656 98 0000